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Whistle-blowing: encourage it! - editorial¡¡Business Horizons,
Jan-Feb, 1989 by Janet P. Near¡¡¤Ë¤è¤ëʸ¾Ï¤Ç¤¹¡£
On January 28, 1986, a nation watched in horror as the space shuttle
Challenger exploded and all seven crew members died. Within days,
engineers from Morton Thiokol, the manufacturer of the booster rockets,
alleged that defective O-rings--responsible for the disaster--had been
used on the space shuttle with the knowledge of both company managers
and NASA officials. The engineers claimed to have blown the whistle
internally prior to the shuttle launch, protesting the launch under
the exceptionally cold weather conditions prevailing at the time.
According to the engineers, Morton Thiokol managers overruleed their
protests. After the shuttle exploded, the engineers made their
accusations public during Congressional hearings. Would that they had
done so sooner! Yet, while unique in its details, the whistle-blowing
drama revealed by the space shuttle tragedy is often played in other
arenas.
Other controversial cases include the Chevrolet Corvair--whose
safety problems were made public by Ralph Nader--and the Ford Pinto--
whose exploding gas tanks resulted in several deaths and expensive
lawsuits. These are the best known of many recent cases of whistle-blowing
by employees, all of which incited hardship and difficulty for those
involved. Given the pain involved, why would an employee blow the
whistle? Why would managers want to encourage whistle-blowing?
Finally, what benefits or detriments to society result from whistle-blowing?
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